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Air quality in Europe 2022

Health impacts of air pollution in Europe, 2022 Table 2.

Page Last modified 26 Jan 2023
4 min read
This content is part of the Air quality in Europe 2022 report.

 

Table 2. Total country population, population-weighted mean concentrations and the estimated number of attributable premature deaths by country in 2020

PM2.5NO2O3
Country Population
1,000
inhabitants
Annual
mean
concentrations
Premature
deaths
Annual
mean
concentrations
Premature
deaths
SOMO35 Premature
deaths
Austria 8,901 9.9 3,200 14.3 810 4,584 470
Belgium 11,522 9.4 3,900 14.3 1,100 3,798 530
Bulgaria 6,951 17 10,600 16.7 1,700 2,967 430
Croatia 4,058 15.4 4,100 13.1 420 4,760 300
Cyprus 1,230 14 560 20.8 180 6,295 60
Czechia 10,694 12.5 6,900 12.5 740 4,252 620
Denmark 5,823 7.6 1,000 7.5 40 2,287 140
Estonia 1,329 5.4 60 5.8 <10 1,468 30
Finland 5,525 4.4 60 6.2 10 1,365 80
France 65,178 8.6 16,500 12.2 4,400 4,271 3,100
Germany 83,166 9.1 28,900 15.2 10,000 4,195 4,600
Greece 10,718 14.5 8,800 16.9 1,900 6,167 920
Hungary 9,770 14.5 9,500 14.9 1,400 4,044 640
Ireland 4,964 7.1 490 7.4 50 1,908 70
Italy 59,641 15 52,300 17.7 11,200 6,067 5,100
Latvia 1,908 9.1 830 9.7 100 1,699 50
Lithuania 2,794 9.8 1,500 10.1 140 2,044 100
Luxembourg 626 7.3 80 15.8 50 4,272 20
Malta 515 10.2 150 11 10 6,592 30
Netherlands 17,408 9.1 5,000 15.9 1,800 3,426 640
Poland 37,958 16 36,500 13.1 3,400 3,216 1,700
Portugal 9,795 8.1 2,600 12.5 850 3,585 470
Romania 19,329 15.2 21,600 15.1 3,100 2,955 1,000
Slovakia 5,458 14.5 3,900 11.3 210 3,867 260
Slovenia 2,096 12.5 1,300 12.8 150 5,008 130
Spain 45,166 10 17,000 14.6 4,800 4,522 2,400
Sweden 10,328 4.8 370 6.5 40 2,181 240
Albania 2,846 15.6 3,600 12.8 330 5,678 310
Andorra 78 8.5 20 17.6 10 2,812 <10
Bosnia and Herzegovina 3,825 25.8 9,200 14.1 610 4,047 300
Iceland 364 4.2 < 1 7.2 <10 1,582 <10
Kosovo 1,782 19.4 3,100 14.4 260 3,901 130
Liechtenstein 39 8.1 10 15.3 <10  4,976 <10
Monaco 38 10.5 20 18.1 10 6,445 <10
Montenegro 622 17.4 920 13.7 90 4,338 50
North Macedonia 2,076 20.3 3,800 14.2 290 4,345 180
Norway 5,368 4.6 160 8.2 90 2,042 90
San Marino 35 12.8 20 13.2 <10 5,387 <10
Serbia 6,927 22.7 14,400 14.9 1,200 3,099 420
Switzerland 8,606 8.1 1,700 14.5 660 5,387 450
Türkiye 83,155  N/A N/A 24.9 12,300 4,561 2,300
EU27 442,851 11.2 238,000 14.1 49,000 4,182 24,000
EEA32 excluding Türkiye 457,228 11 240,000
EEA32 540,383 15.7 62,000 4,237 27,000
All countries excluding Türkiye 475,456 11.4 275,000
All countries 558,612 15.7 64,000 4,228 28,000

Note: SOMO35 is the accumulated O3 concentration (daily maximum 8-hour mean) in excess of 35 ppb (i.e. 70 μg/m3 for O3). This aggregation has been selected because it is recommended in (WHO, 2013) for estimating the health impacts of exposure to O3.

The annual mean (in μg/m3) and the SOMO35 (in μg/m3·days), expressed as population-weighted mean concentrations, are obtained according to the methodology described by ETC/HE 12/2022 and references therein and not only from monitoring stations.

The population for each country and every aggregation are rounded to the nearest thousand.

Premature deaths are rounded, for every country, to the nearest hundred if the number is above 1,000 - and to the nearest ten if the number is below 1,000.

Premature deaths are rounded (once the unrounded national totals have been added) to the nearest thousand for the EU-27, EEA-32 and all countries.

 

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