European variations in the temporal trend of bird and butterfly community temperature index

The map shows the temporal trend of bird and butterfly CTI for each country. A temporal increase in CTI directly reflects that the species assemblage of the site is increasingly composed of individuals belonging to species dependent on higher temperature. The height of a given arrow is proportional to the temporal trend and its direction corresponds to the sign of the slope (from south to north for positive slopes). The arrow is opaque if the trend is significant.

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Methodology

Devictor, V. van Swaay, C. Brereton, T. Brotons, L. Chamberlain, D. Heliölä, J. Herrando, S. Julliard, R. Kuussaari, M. Lindström, Å. Reif, J. Roy, D.B. Schweiger, O. Settele, J. Stefanescu, C. Van Strien, A. Van Turnhout, C. Vermouzek, Z. WallisDeVries, M. Wynhoff, I. & Jiguet, F. (2012) Differences in the climatic debts of birds and butterflies at a continental scale. Nature Climate Change. 2, 121–124.

Units

For the spatial shift of birds and butterflies (arrows): 1 cm~1.75 km per year

External links, non EEA websites

http://www.eec.univ-montp2.fr/

Additional information

Arrows are proportional to the annual change in community composition as a response to climate change.

European variations in the temporal trend of bird and butterfly community temperature index

Related content

References and footnotes