Area = 494.8 km2 |
Population = 1 212 010 (1991) |
Consumption of materials (tonnes per year) (approximate data for 1985) |
Excavated rock and soil | 11 000 000 |
Sand, gravel, building stone | 5 900 000 |
Asphalted gravel for roads | 1 800 000 |
Bricks | 260 000 |
Other construction materials | 8 600 000 |
Iron, steel | 4 200 000 |
Other metals | 35 000 |
Paper | 300 000 |
Chemicals | 160 000 |
Paints | 70 000 |
Plastics | 55 000 |
Food including packaging | 4 100 000 |
Beverages | 500 000 |
Consumption of energy (TJ per year) |
Type of fuel or energy | Delivery on the territory of the city | Consumption after transformations |
Coke | 10 665 (11.3%) | 10 665 (13.3%) |
Other solid fuels | 18 360 (19.4%) | 8110 (10.1%) |
Liquid fuels | 13 087 (13.8%) | 8270 (10.3%) |
Natural gas | 37 735 (40%) | 19 122 (23.9%) |
Electricity | 14 578 (15.4%) | 13 394 (16.7%) |
District heating (centralised heating) | | 20 566 (25.7%) |
|
Total consumption | 94 425 (100%) | 80 127 (100%) |
Transport |
Number of all motor-vehicles | 430 000 |
Number of passenger cars | 340 000 |
Number of people per car | 3.6 |
Transportation mode percentage of journeys done by public transport in an average working day: |
- for all intra-urban journeys | 75% |
- for all extra-urban Journeys | 58% |
Percentage of transport means in the public transport: |
- underground railway | 36% |
- tram | 33% |
- bus | 31% |
Road network: |
Total length in the city | 2 700 km |
Density | 5.4 km roads per km2 urban territory |
Landuse (data for 1980) (% of the city) |
---|
Residential | 17.3 |
Industrial | 4.5 |
Agricultural | 39.6 |
Green spaces | 18.7 |
Sport and recreation | 1.4 |
Public amenties (culture, education, commerce, services, health and social care) | 3.3 |
Transport and technical facilities | 7.9 |
Water reservoirs, rivers, ponds | 1.7 |
Other | 5.6 |