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The map shows the Percentile 90.4 of daily mean PM10 concentrations at background stations. This represents the 36th highest value in a complete series. It is related to the PM10 daily limit value, which allows 35 exceedances of the 50 μg/m3 threshold over a 1-year period. Dots in the last two colour categories indicate stations with exceedances of this daily limit value. Only stations for which more than 75 % of data are valid have been included in the map.
The figure shows the annual mean concentrations of particulate matter (PM2.5) observed at background stations in 2017.
The figure shows the annual mean concentrations of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) observed at background stations in 2017.
The Water Accounts Spatial Units dataset is an extraction of the European catchments and Rivers network system (ECRINS), aggregation catchments and reference layers - version 1, Jun. 2012. It contains 117 river basins extracted from the ECRINS functional river basin districts (EcrAgg). The Ecrins river basin districts are delineated according to the hydrological thresholds and do not necessarily follow administrative boundaries. The main purpose of the data set is to display the EEA water accounts outputs at the river basin level.
The WISE Water Accounts database contains monthly water accounts for the years 1990-2015 for 117 European river basins extracted from the ECRINS functional river basin districts. The water accounts data can be downloaded in two different formats: a spreadsheet that contains each accounting variable in a separate worksheet, and a database that contains all the variables of the asset and flow accounts to facilitate an integrated analysis. The WISE Water Accounts Spatial Units can also be downloaded from the EEA web site. Extensive clarifications on the development of the European water accounts can be found in the following reports published by the European Commission (DG ENV): "Guidance document on the application of water balances for supporting the implementation of the Water Framework Directive" (http://ec.europa.eu/environment/water/blueprint/balances.htm) and "Water ecosystem accounts reports" (http://ec.europa.eu/environment/water/blueprint/balances.htm)
The raster files are the annual above ground growing season length time-series and the derived linear trends for the period 2000-2016. The data set addresses trends in the season length of land surface vegetation derived from remote sensing observed time series of vegetation indices. The vegetation index used in the indicator is the Plant Phenology Index (PPI, Jin and Eklundh, 2014). PPI is based on the MODIS Nadir BRDF-Adjusted Reflectance product (MODIS MCD43 NBAR. The product provides reflectance data for the MODIS “land” bands (1 - 7) adjusted using a bi-directional reflectance distribution function. This function models values as if they were collected from a nadir-view to remove so called cross-track illumination effects. The Plant Phenology Index (PPI) is a new vegetation index optimized for efficient monitoring of vegetation phenology. It is derived from radiative transfer solution using reflectance in visible-red (RED) and near-infrared (NIR) spectral domains. PPI is defined to have a linear relationship to the canopy green leaf area index (LAI) and its temporal pattern is strongly similar to the temporal pattern of gross primary productivity (GPP) estimated by flux towers at ground reference stations. PPI is less affected by presence of snow compared to commonly used vegetation indices such as Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) or Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI). The product is distributed with 500 m pixel size (MODIS Sinusoidal Grid) with 8-days compositing period.
This maps show the linear trend in the annual maximum of daily river discharge over the period 1960-2010. Blue indicates increasing flood discharges and red denotes decreasing flood discharges (in per cent change of the mean annual flood discharge per decade).
For references, please go to https://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/find/global or scan the QR code.
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