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Note: Aggregated damage costs 2008-2012, expressed in million euros. The low-high range of damage cost values reflects a) the different approaches used to value health impacts from air pollution and b) the range of values used to estimate CO2 related damage costs.
The rationale for selection of pollutant and corresponding limit/target values for CSI 004 is given in the justification for indicator selection.
The graph shows the trade flows by weight of clothing between EU-27 and the rest of the world in 2012, showing the specific trade flows of these commodities between the different continents.
The graph shows the trade flows of electrical and electronic equipment (EEE) products between EU-27 and 5 regions of the world in 2012, showing the specific trade flows of these commodities between the different regions.
The figure shows the net trade flows of soya and meat and dairy products between EU-27 and the rest of the world in 2012, showing the specific trade flows of these commodities between the different continents.
The graph shows the trade flows of electrical and electronic equipment (EEE) products, food products and clothing between EU-27 and the rest of the world in 2012. Food trade includes live animals. Data for food refer to 2010.
Projected changes in the length of dry spell (in days) from 1971-2000 to 2071–2100 for the RCP8.5 scenario based on the ensemble mean of different regional climate models (RCMs) nested in different general circulation models (GCMs).
Projected changes in heavy precipitation (in %) in winter and summer from 1971-2000 to 2071–2100 for the RCP8.5 scenario based on the ensemble mean of different regional climate models (RCMs) nested in different general circulation models (GCMs).
In the air quality directive (2008/EC/50), the EU has set a limit value for benzene (C6H6) for the protection of human health: the annual mean value may not exceed 5 micrograms per cubic metre (µg/m3). The limit value comes into effect for data measured from 1 January 2010. During 2009 a margin of tolerance was in place so the annual mean should not exceed 6 micrograms per cubic metre (µg/m3).
In the air quality directive (2008/EC/50) the EU has set two limit values for sulphur dioxide (SO2) for the protection of human health: the SO2 hourly mean value may not exceed 350 micrograms per cubic metre (µg/m3) more than 24 times in a year and the SO2 daily mean value may not exceed 125 micrograms per cubic metre (µg/m3) more than 3 times in a year.
In the air quality directive (2008/EC/50), the EU has set two limit values for sulphur dioxide (SO2) for the protection of vegetation within the zones designated by member states: the SO2 annual mean value may not exceed 20 micrograms per cubic metre (µg/m3) and the SO2 mean value for the winter period (1 October to 31 March) may not exceed 20 micrograms per cubic metre (µg/m3).
In the air quality directive (2008/EC/50), the EU has set a target value and a long term objective value for ozone (O3) for the protection of human health. Target value: the maximum daily eight-hour mean may not exceed 120 micrograms per cubic metre (µg/m3) on more than 25 days per calendar year averaged over three years. Long term objective value: the maximum daily eight-hour mean may not exceed 120 micrograms per cubic metre (µg/m3) within a calendar year.
In the directive 2004/107/EC (Fourth Daughter Directive), the EU has set a target value for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) for the protection of human health; the target is defined in terms of concentration of benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) which is used as a marker substance for PAHs generally: the BaP annual mean value may not exceed 1 nanogram per cubic metre (ng/m3). The target value enters into force 31.12.2012.
For references, please go to https://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/find/global or scan the QR code.
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