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The figure shows the spatial variation in nitrogen (N) surplus (left map) and phosporus (P) surplus (right map) for all agricultural land in the EU-27 in 2010 (excluding the United Kingdom and Croatia). The surplus for N is calculated as the sum of N inputs to land (fertiliser, manure and biosolids, atmospheric N deposition, biological fixation and net mineralisation) minus crop removal (offtake). The surplus for P is calculdated as the sum of P inputs to land (fertiliser, manure and biosolids, atmospheric P deposition) minus crop removal (offtake). In the two maps, regions with higher N and P surpluses are coloured in shades of orange and red (with red colours representing N surpluses over 150 kg/ha/yr and P surpluses of 12 kg/ha/yr, respectively). Regions with lower N and P surpluses are shown in shades of green. N surpluses occur in nearly all regions, and are highest in areas with high livestock densities such as the Netherlands, Belgium, Brittany in France and the Po valley region in Italy. Because P is adsorbed by the soil, P surpluses can be negative in areas where crop uptake exceeds P input and P inputs are completely eliminated (so-called P mining), such as in parts of France, Germany, Czechia, Slovakia and Hungary. The maps and the supporting information are adapted from De Vries, W., Romkens, P., Kros, H., Voogd, J.C.H., Schulte-Uebbing, L., 2022, Impacts of nutrients and heavy metals in European agriculture. Current and critical inputs in relation to air, soil and water quality, ETC-DI Report 2022/01, European Environment Agency.
Figure shows indexed values of waste generation per capita and gross domestic product (GDP) with year 2010 as a reference year (2010=100%). Production phase shows generation of total waste and waste excluding major mineral wastes. GDP was chosen as a basic indicator of the economic growth as it expresses the total value of goods and services produced in the country (the components of GDP include personal consumption expenditures plus business investment plus government spending plus (exports minus imports)).
The figure shows how many times the planetary boundaries are exceeded for various impacts due to EU consumption patterns.
Emissions reported to European Pollutant Release and Transfer Register (E-PRTR) of 3 pollutants (CO2, NH3, CH4), and number of reporting facilities. Emissions from 2010-2020, indexed to 2010. Activity covered: 5d in annex I of the E-PRTR Regulation (‘Landfills (excluding landfills of inert waste and landfills which were closed before 16.7.2001 or for which the after-care phase required by the competent authorities according to Article 13 of the Landfill Directive); receiving 10 tonnes per day or with a total capacity of 25 000 tonnes’).
Emissions reported to the European Pollutant Release and Transfer Register (E-PRTR) of 3 pollutants (NOX, PAH, dioxins and furans), and number of reporting facilities. Emissions from 2010-2020, indexed to 2010 (except PAH indexed to 2009). Activity covered: 5b in Annex I of the E-PRTR Regulation (‘Installations for the incineration of non-hazardous waste in the scope of the Industrial Emissions Directive; with a capacity of 3 tonnes per hour').
This shows the potential volume and value of waste currently generated by industry in the EU and which can be utilised in industrial symbiosis activities
The European Commission has developed a set of risk indicators on chemical pesticides to track progress towards the Zero Pollution and Farm to Fork target for pesticide reduction. These indicators show that the risk and use of pesticides has decreased by 14% since the baseline period in 2015-2017.
The figure shows the trend of pollutant releases into air in the EU-27 from 2010 to 2020 by using 2010 releases values as reference. In addition, gross value added (GVA) from the industry sector is presented.
The graph shows mineral fertiliser consumption, separately for nitrogen and phosphorus
The chart puts together the trends (2004-2020) and projections (2020-2030) in both total and residual municipal waste for EU-27, for the case in which the 60% recycling rate target of 2030 would be met. A comparison with the residual target allows for some insight on the distance of the projections to the actual target.
This shows consumption of three groups of chemicals: total, hazardous to health, hazardous to the environmnent.
The figure shows the trend of pollutant releases into water in the EU-27 from 2010 to 2020 by using 2010 releases values as reference. In addition, gross value added (GVA) from the industry sector is presented.
The figure shows absolute amount, in million tonnes, of waste, excluding major mineral waste, generated and deposited in landfills for the EU-27 as well as the share of generated waste that is landfilled.
The figure shows the percentage of soil samples for each country with a specified number of detections of pesticides, based on analysis of 118 different pesticides in the samples.
This map shows a mixture toxicity metric called multi-substance Potentially Affected Fraction of species (msPAF). For individual substances, the Potentially Affected Fraction of species (PAF) is derived from the results from laboratory toxicity tests, as the fraction of the tested species that would show effects if a laboratory test would be performed with a given concentration of the chemical. To this end, the results from laboratory tests have been converted beforehand into a species sensitivity distribution (SSD). The individual PAFs are then combined into an msPAF using the dose-addition principle. For this map, toxicity tests have been used that seek to quantify the no-observed-effect concentration (NOEC). The use of this endpoint links the result to the regulatory concept of “sufficient protection” of aquatic ecosystems. The above has been applied to the simulated concentrations of 1,785 chemicals on 365 consecutive days, and the 95 percentile of the results per site have been mapped.
Cadmium (Cd) in agricultural top soils (upper 20 cm)
For references, please go to https://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/find/global or scan the QR code.
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